Molecular Science

While no single meal will kill cancer, a balanced and nutritious diet may substantially lower your risk. Here are some ideas on what meals to include and which to restrict or avoid by not only cancer patients or the general population who might be at higher risk. Foods to include Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that help protect against various types of cancer.  Whole grains: Foods like brown rice, quinoa, oats, and whole wheat contain fibre and other nutrients that are beneficial for overall health. Lentils and Pulses: Eating high-fibre foods reduces the risk of bowel cancer.  Lean proteins: Include sources like fish, poultry, beans, and tofu. Limit processed meats like bacon, sausage, and deli meats, which have been linked to an increased risk of cancer. Healthy fats: Choose sources like nuts, seeds, avocados, and olive oil. These fats have anti-inflammatory properties and can promote overall health. Herbs and spices: Many herbs and spi...

Cancer Cancer is an uncontrolled, unrelenting proliferative cell disease that is linked to a number of additional complications. Cancer cells, malignant cells, or tumor cells are all names for this aberrant proliferative cell. Cancer cells do not reside at their original location; instead, they infiltrate and metastasize to other organs throughout the body, causing morbidity and mortality in people. Cancer is a major public health issue that ranks second in the world behind heart disease as the primary cause of death. Cancer metastasis is responsible for around 90% of all deaths among cancer patients. Cancer can affect almost any human tissue or organ, however, the likelihood of it happening differs depending on the tissue or organ.  The primary sites of cancer in humans are the tongue, mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, anus, liver, intrahepatic bile duct, gallbladder, pancreas, larynx, lungs, bronchus, heart, skin, uterus, ovary, prostate, testi...

Introduction The cellular import and export pump aid in the maintenance of calcium signaling homeostasis by altering cytosolic Ca+2 concentration, which may be reversed by pumps. Calcium is imported into the cell by voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC), SOCC, NSCC, NCX (exchange), and NCKX (co-transport) from the extracellular side. It may also be exported out of the ER and SR via RyR controlled by IP3R to regulate the cytosolic concentration of calcium (100nM-1mM). SERCA pumps restore calcium ions into the ER and SR after voltage-gated Ca+2 channels export calcium ions out of the cell. CaN activation (PP2B), followed by NFAT dephosphorylation. Cyclosporin and voclosporin are two medicines that target CaN. Calcium Sensors and Adaptors Calmodulin (CaM) - Ubiquitous adaptor protein and specifically bind to Ca+2. ❖ Contain EF Hand domain (helix-loop-helix motif) bind to Ca. ❖ Ca bind to 7 O2 atoms (chelate Ca+2) of aa in a bipyramidal pentagonal shape. ❖ Binding with Ca induces dimer...